What Does Credit Card Pre-Approval Mean?

What are pre-approved credit card offers?

You may receive pre-approval offers in the mail or by email. A pre-approved credit card offer simply indicates that you've met many of the credit card company’s basic qualifications for approval. Some pre-approved offers may come from credit card companies that you already have an account with. But card issuers you don’t have an account with might also send you pre-approval offers as promotions. A pre-approved offer may give you an idea of the terms, like interest rate and credit limit, that you might qualify for.

Soft pulls don’t impact your credit score. Typically, credit card issuers don’t need your permission to check your credit report for pre-approval offers, so you don’t know in advance if you’ll receive one. If you meet a credit card issuer’s criteria, you may receive a pre-approved offer for an unsecured or a secured credit card.

Does pre-approval mean I’m guaranteed to be approved for a credit card?

No, pre-approval doesn’t mean you’ve already been approved for a credit card. Credit card pre-approval just means that you might be a good candidate for an offer based on the credit card issuer’s initial assessment of your credit history. Because the lender may need more financial information to move forward, you still have to complete an application to receive the offer. Even after credit card pre-approval, the issuer may still deny your application.

Does being pre-approved affect your credit score?

No, being pre-approved doesn’t affect your credit score. But pre-approved offers may appear on your credit report.

Hard credit inquiries may hurt your credit score, especially if multiple hard credit checks appear on your credit report within a short timeframe. That’s why it’s not a good idea to apply for multiple credit cards at once, even while you’re in the market for a new card.

But the pre-approval process only requires a soft inquiry, which doesn’t affect your credit score. Soft inquiries give lenders access to basic information from your credit report without requiring a hard credit check.

Keep in mind that if you apply for an offer you receive, the lender will likely conduct a hard pull of your credit profile to make a final decision on your application.

Pre-approved vs. pre-qualified credit card offers

Pre-approval is one way to review your credit card options, but you may have heard of something called pre-qualification. While sometimes the terms are used interchangeably, pre-approval and pre-qualification typically work a little differently. 

The major difference between pre-approval and pre-qualification comes down to the party who reaches out first.

What is a pre-qualified credit card offer?

It’s up to you to make the first move in the credit card pre-qualification process. When you request credit card pre-qualification from a credit card company, the issuer conducts a soft credit check to determine the new credit card offers you might qualify for if you apply. Requesting a pre-qualification check before you complete a credit card application can help you find the best credit card offer and avoid an unnecessary credit check if you don’t qualify.

Some card issuers, including Discover^®, may invite you to see if you’re "pre-approved" through a tool on their website or mobile apps. In those cases, technically you’re actually requesting a pre-qualified offer, not a pre-approved offer.

For a pre-approved offer, the credit card company or different lender reaches out to you first. You might even receive an offer from a credit card company you’ve never considered before. That happens because the lender has already looked at some of your credit information from your credit file and determined that you might be a good fit.

It’s important to note that neither pre-approval nor pre-qualification guarantees that you’ll be able to open a new credit card account. The details of your credit profile may change before you apply, or a hard credit check might reveal more information than the soft inquiry did.

How to qualify for pre-approved credit card offers

You might qualify for pre-approved credit offers if you have a strong credit file that meets credit card companies’ criteria for new cardmembers. The companies typically get people’s contact and credit information from a major credit bureau (Equifax^®, Experian^®, and TransUnion^® if they appear to meet basic criteria. Card issuers use that information to send prospective customers pre-approval offers that encourage them to apply for an account.

If you meet the criteria of a lot of different credit card companies, you might get many different pre-approval offers, which you can compare to find the best new credit card for you.

How to improve your chances of being pre-approved

Because lenders typically look for borrowers with good credit history, your chance of getting a pre-approval offer may increase when you practice responsible credit habits. If you don’t receive many pre-approved offers, you may want to work on increasing your credit score.

You can start by checking your credit report and reporting any errors to the credit bureau. Payment history and credit utilization ratio are crucial factors of your credit score. So, you may also build a positive credit history by making every monthly payment on time and paying down your credit card debt.

Benefits of pre-approved credit cards

Pre-approved credit card offers can make applying for a new credit card easier. Here’s how:

How to apply for a pre-approved credit card

Once you decide to apply for a pre-approval offer, you’ll likely have to provide more information about your financial situation. For instance, the lender may ask about your income and debts before doing a hard credit check.

Before you open an account, you should look at the interest rate and other card terms to determine whether it’s the best credit card offer for you. And remember that these terms may give you a good idea of the credit card details, but the specifics can vary depending on your credit card application information. You may be able to request a higher credit limit, for example.

The bottom line

Whether you decide to go with a pre-approved offer or not, credit card pre-approval can give you an idea of the card features and terms to look out for. If you’re looking for a new credit card, comparing pre-approved offers may help you find the best fit.